If you have any questions about the merchandise, ASK THEM BEFORE BIDDING. Wiens Auction/Realty LLC does not guarantee any appraisals, gradings or certifications. In no event shall Wiens Auction/Realty LLC be held responsible for having made or implied any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Wiens Auction/Realty may attempt to describe the merchandise in advertising, on the internet and at the auction but makes no representations. It is the Bidder's responsibility to determine condition, age, genuineness, value or any other determinative factor. Property is open to thorough public inspection. Bidder and his or her agents and employees specifically release and indemnify Wiens Auction/Realty LLC from any liability and causes of action.Ģ.ěidder agrees that all property is sold "AS-IS WHERE-IS" with no warranties express or implied and ALL SALES ARE FINAL. Bidder and his or her agents and employees agree to assume all risks of damage to person or property. THERE ARE NO REFUNDS AND NO RETURNS!!!ġ.ěidder and his or her agents and employees are responsible for any damage they may cause or liability that may attach from any of their actions on or around the auction site and premises when attending the exhibition, sale or removal of merchandise.
All internet bidders agree that bids placed on the internet shall have the same legal effect as if they were in attendance at the auction in person. The real-time optimisation and control thus offers a modern, environment friendly and water efficient system with close to zero increase in energy consumption and minimal greenhouse gas emissions.Auction Terms & Conditions Auction Terms & Conditionsīy registering to bid or placing a bid, you agree to be bound by all of these terms & conditions and any other announced terms and conditions of sale or rules of the site. This study has shown that a novel real-time infiltration model REIP has enabled implementation of real-time optimisation and gravity fed surface irrigation with real-time optimisation has potential to bring significant improvements in irrigation performance along with substantial water savings of 2.92 ML/ha which is equivalent to that given by pressurised systems. With gravity-fed surface irrigation methods, the energy consumption is assumed to be negligible. When surface water is used, pressurised irrigation systems increase energy consumption substantially, by between 65% to 75%, and produce greenhouse gas emissions around 1.75 times higher than that of gravity based irrigation systems so their use should be carefully planned keeping in view adverse impact of carbon emissions on the environment and threat of increasing energy prices. A balance between the improvement in water use and the potential increase in energy consumption is required. However, the installation and application of pumps and pipes, and the associated fuels needed for these alternatives increase energy consumption. By replacing furrow irrigation with drip or centre pivot systems, the water efficiency can be improved by up to 30% to 45%.
Water scarcity problems can be addressed through improved water productivity and the options usually presumed in this context are efficient water use and conversion of surface irrigation to pressurised systems. The viability and sustainability of crop production is currently threatened by increasing water scarcity. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Water Scarcity Real-Time Optimisation Furrow Irrigation Carbon Emissions REIP Pinjani, Rabia Soomro, Rod Smith, Zaheer Almani Real-Time Modelling and Optimisation for Water and Energy Efficient Surface IrrigationĪUTHORS: Kanya L. Walker, “SIRMOD II: Surface Irrigation Simulation, Evaluation and Design,” User’s Guide and Technical Documentation, Utah State University, Logan, 2001.
0 kommentar(er)
